Template:Program execution

Program execution
General concepts
Code Translation Compiler Compile-time Optimizing compiler Intermediate representation (IR) Execution Runtime system Runtime Executable Interpreter Virtual machine
Types of code
Source code Object code Bytecode Machine code Microcode
Compilation strategies
Just-in-time (JIT) Tracing just-in-time Ahead-of-time (AOT) Transcompilation Recompilation
Notable runtimes
Android Runtime (ART) Common Language Runtime (CLR) & Mono crt0 HHVM Java virtual machine (JVM) Objective-C V8 Node.js PyPy Zend Engine
Notable compilers & toolchains
GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) LLVM Clang
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